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        <h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p>​    本文只讲常用的<strong>GET</strong> 和<strong>POST</strong>请求,其他类型的请求(如<strong>PUT</strong>，<strong>PATCH</strong>)请求方式都差不多，有兴趣的可以查看RestTemplate源码。</p>
<h2 id="GET"><a href="#GET" class="headerlink" title="GET"></a>GET</h2><blockquote>
<p>GET官方给了<strong>getForEntity</strong>和<strong>getForObject</strong>两种种方法，每个方法又有三个重载方法</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="官方源码接口"><a href="#官方源码接口" class="headerlink" title="官方源码接口"></a>官方源码接口</h3><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">T <span class="title">getForObject</span><span class="params">(String url, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType, Object... uriVariables)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">T <span class="title">getForObject</span><span class="params">(String url, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType, Map&lt;String, ?&gt; uriVariables)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">T <span class="title">getForObject</span><span class="params">(URI url, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">ResponseEntity&lt;T&gt; <span class="title">getForEntity</span><span class="params">(String url, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType, Object... uriVariables)</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">		<span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">ResponseEntity&lt;T&gt; <span class="title">getForEntity</span><span class="params">(String url, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType, Map&lt;String, ?&gt; uriVariables)</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">		<span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">ResponseEntity&lt;T&gt; <span class="title">getForEntity</span><span class="params">(URI url, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="使用"><a href="#使用" class="headerlink" title="使用"></a>使用</h3><h4 id="API接口"><a href="#API接口" class="headerlink" title="API接口"></a>API接口</h4><blockquote>
<p> 首先我写了两个接口供RestTemplate调用</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@RestController</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Test</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@GetMapping</span>(<span class="string">"/test"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> JSONObject <span class="title">test</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        JSONObject jsonObject=<span class="keyword">new</span> JSONObject();</span><br><span class="line">        jsonObject.put(<span class="string">"name:"</span>,<span class="string">"Mr.Zheng"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        jsonObject.put(<span class="string">"tag:"</span>,<span class="string">"Good"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> jsonObject;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@GetMapping</span>(<span class="string">"/test/&#123;name&#125;"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> JSONObject <span class="title">test2</span><span class="params">(@PathVariable String name)</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        JSONObject jsonObject=<span class="keyword">new</span> JSONObject();</span><br><span class="line">        jsonObject.put(<span class="string">"name:"</span>,name);</span><br><span class="line">        jsonObject.put(<span class="string">"tag:"</span>,<span class="string">"Good"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> jsonObject;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="getForObject"><a href="#getForObject" class="headerlink" title="getForObject"></a>getForObject</h4><h5 id="代码"><a href="#代码" class="headerlink" title="代码"></a>代码</h5><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">restTemplate</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">       RestTemplate template=<span class="keyword">new</span> RestTemplate();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="comment">//使用URI请求</span></span><br><span class="line">       URI uri=URI.create(<span class="string">"http://localhost:8090/test"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">       String response=template.getForObject(uri, String.class);</span><br><span class="line">       System.out.println(response);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="comment">//url带参数请求 </span></span><br><span class="line">       String response2=template.getForObject(<span class="string">"http://localhost:8090/test/&#123;name&#125;"</span>,String.class,<span class="string">"hui1"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">       System.out.println(response2);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="comment">//当url参数过多可以用map</span></span><br><span class="line">       Map&lt;String,String&gt; param=<span class="keyword">new</span> HashMap&lt;&gt;();</span><br><span class="line">       param.put(<span class="string">"name"</span>,<span class="string">"hui2"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">       String reponse3=template.getForObject(<span class="string">"http://localhost:8090/test/&#123;name&#125;"</span>,String.class,param);</span><br><span class="line">       System.out.println(reponse3);</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h5 id="结果"><a href="#结果" class="headerlink" title="结果:"></a>结果:</h5><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"name:"</span>:<span class="string">"Mr.Zheng"</span>,<span class="string">"tag:"</span>:<span class="string">"Good"</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"name:"</span>:<span class="string">"hui1"</span>,<span class="string">"tag:"</span>:<span class="string">"Good"</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"name:"</span>:<span class="string">"hui2"</span>,<span class="string">"tag:"</span>:<span class="string">"Good"</span>&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="getForEntity"><a href="#getForEntity" class="headerlink" title="getForEntity"></a>getForEntity</h4><h5 id="代码-1"><a href="#代码-1" class="headerlink" title="代码"></a>代码</h5><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">restTemplate</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    RestTemplate template=<span class="keyword">new</span> RestTemplate();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//使用URI请求</span></span><br><span class="line">    URI uri=URI.create(<span class="string">"http://localhost:8090/test"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; response=template.getForEntity(uri, String.class);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(response.getBody());</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//url带参数请求</span></span><br><span class="line">    ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; response2=template.getForEntity(<span class="string">"http://localhost:8090/test/&#123;name&#125;"</span>,String.class,<span class="string">"hui1"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(response2.getBody());</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//当url参数过多可以用map</span></span><br><span class="line">    Map&lt;String,String&gt; param=<span class="keyword">new</span> HashMap&lt;&gt;();</span><br><span class="line">    param.put(<span class="string">"name"</span>,<span class="string">"hui2"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; reponse3=template.getForEntity(<span class="string">"http://localhost:8090/test/&#123;name&#125;"</span>,String.class,param);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(reponse3.getBody());</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h5 id="结果-1"><a href="#结果-1" class="headerlink" title="结果"></a>结果</h5><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"name:"</span>:<span class="string">"Mr.Zheng"</span>,<span class="string">"tag:"</span>:<span class="string">"Good"</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"name:"</span>:<span class="string">"hui1"</span>,<span class="string">"tag:"</span>:<span class="string">"Good"</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"name:"</span>:<span class="string">"hui2"</span>,<span class="string">"tag:"</span>:<span class="string">"Good"</span>&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="小结"><a href="#小结" class="headerlink" title="小结"></a>小结</h3><p>可以看到<strong>getForEntity</strong>和<strong>getForObject</strong>的使用方法差不多，他们的区别就是</p>
<ul>
<li>getForObject只返回结果，getForEntity包装了返回的信息，可以从中获取更多关于http请求的信息，比如请求头，请求状态等</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="POST"><a href="#POST" class="headerlink" title="POST"></a>POST</h2><blockquote>
<p>POST官方给了<strong>postForLocation</strong>,<strong>postForObject</strong>,<strong>postForEntity</strong>三种方法，每种又有三个重载方法</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="官方源码接口-1"><a href="#官方源码接口-1" class="headerlink" title="官方源码接口"></a>官方源码接口</h3><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">URI <span class="title">postForLocation</span><span class="params">(String url, @Nullable Object request, Object... uriVariables)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">URI <span class="title">postForLocation</span><span class="params">(String url, @Nullable Object request, Map&lt;String, ?&gt; uriVariables)</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">		<span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">URI <span class="title">postForLocation</span><span class="params">(URI url, @Nullable Object request)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">T <span class="title">postForObject</span><span class="params">(String url, @Nullable Object request, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType,</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="params">		Object... uriVariables)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">T <span class="title">postForObject</span><span class="params">(String url, @Nullable Object request, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType,</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="params">		Map&lt;String, ?&gt; uriVariables)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Nullable</span></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">T <span class="title">postForObject</span><span class="params">(URI url, @Nullable Object request, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">ResponseEntity&lt;T&gt; <span class="title">postForEntity</span><span class="params">(String url, @Nullable Object request, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType,</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="params">		Object... uriVariables)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">ResponseEntity&lt;T&gt; <span class="title">postForEntity</span><span class="params">(String url, @Nullable Object request, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType,</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="params">		Map&lt;String, ?&gt; uriVariables)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;T&gt; <span class="function">ResponseEntity&lt;T&gt; <span class="title">postForEntity</span><span class="params">(URI url, @Nullable Object request, Class&lt;T&gt; responseType)</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">		<span class="keyword">throws</span> RestClientException</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="API接口-1"><a href="#API接口-1" class="headerlink" title="API接口"></a>API接口</h3><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@RestController</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Test</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> Logger LOG= LoggerFactory.getLogger(Test.class);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@PostMapping</span>(<span class="string">"/test"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> JSONObject <span class="title">test</span><span class="params">(@RequestBody JSONObject param)</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        LOG.info(<span class="string">"param:&#123;&#125;"</span>,param.toJSONString());</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> param;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@PostMapping</span>(<span class="string">"/test/&#123;urlParam&#125;"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> JSONObject <span class="title">test</span><span class="params">(@RequestBody JSONObject param,@PathVariable String urlParam)</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        LOG.info(<span class="string">"param:&#123;&#125;"</span>,param);</span><br><span class="line">        param.put(<span class="string">"urlParam"</span>,urlParam);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> param;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="postForObject"><a href="#postForObject" class="headerlink" title="postForObject"></a>postForObject</h3><h4 id="代码-2"><a href="#代码-2" class="headerlink" title="代码"></a>代码</h4><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">restTemplate</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    RestTemplate template=<span class="keyword">new</span> RestTemplate();</span><br><span class="line">    String baseURL=<span class="string">"http://localhost:8090"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    JSONObject param=<span class="keyword">new</span> JSONObject();</span><br><span class="line">    param.put(<span class="string">"tag"</span>,<span class="string">"this is post request!!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//使用URI请求</span></span><br><span class="line">    URI uri=URI.create(baseURL+<span class="string">"/test"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    String response=template.postForObject(uri,param,String.class);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(response);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//url带参数请求</span></span><br><span class="line">    String response2=template.postForObject(baseURL+<span class="string">"/test/&#123;urlParam&#125;"</span>,param,String.class,<span class="string">"this is urlParam"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(response2);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//当url参数过多可以用map</span></span><br><span class="line">    Map&lt;String,String&gt; mapParam=<span class="keyword">new</span> HashMap&lt;&gt;();</span><br><span class="line">    mapParam.put(<span class="string">"urlParam"</span>,<span class="string">"this is map param!!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    String reponse3=template.postForObject(baseURL+<span class="string">"/test/&#123;urlParam&#125;"</span>,param,String.class,mapParam);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(reponse3);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="结果-2"><a href="#结果-2" class="headerlink" title="结果"></a>结果</h4><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"tag"</span>:<span class="string">"this is post request!!"</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"tag"</span>:<span class="string">"this is post request!!"</span>,<span class="string">"urlParam"</span>:<span class="string">"this is urlParam"</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">"tag"</span>:<span class="string">"this is post request!!"</span>,<span class="string">"urlParam"</span>:<span class="string">"this is map param!!"</span>&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="postForEntity"><a href="#postForEntity" class="headerlink" title="postForEntity"></a>postForEntity</h3><blockquote>
<p>postForEntity和postForObject用法类似，具体这里就写了。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="postForLocation"><a href="#postForLocation" class="headerlink" title="postForLocation"></a>postForLocation</h3><blockquote>
<p>这个请求和其他请求不一样，可以看到他返回的是URI，这里具体讲一下</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="新写个API接口"><a href="#新写个API接口" class="headerlink" title="新写个API接口"></a>新写个API接口</h4><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@RestController</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">UriTest</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> Logger LOG= LoggerFactory.getLogger(UriTest.class);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@PostMapping</span>(<span class="string">"/uri"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">uriTest</span><span class="params">(@RequestBody JSONObject param, HttpServletResponse response)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> IOException </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//打印上传的参数</span></span><br><span class="line">            LOG.info(<span class="string">"requestParam:&#123;&#125;"</span>,param);</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//跳转百度</span></span><br><span class="line">            response.sendRedirect(<span class="string">"https://www.baidu.com"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;<span class="keyword">catch</span> (Exception e)&#123;</span><br><span class="line">            LOG.info(e.getMessage(),e);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="代码-3"><a href="#代码-3" class="headerlink" title="代码"></a>代码</h4><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">restTemplate</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    RestTemplate template=<span class="keyword">new</span> RestTemplate();</span><br><span class="line">    String baseURL=<span class="string">"http://localhost:8090"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    JSONObject param=<span class="keyword">new</span> JSONObject();</span><br><span class="line">    param.put(<span class="string">"info"</span>,<span class="string">"this is postForLocation test!!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    URI response2=template.postForLocation(baseURL+<span class="string">"/uri"</span>,param);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(response2);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="结果-3"><a href="#结果-3" class="headerlink" title="结果"></a>结果</h4><p><img src="http://cdn.mjava.top/blog/20191120165138.png" alt="代码运行结果"></p>
<h4 id="服务端日志"><a href="#服务端日志" class="headerlink" title="服务端日志"></a>服务端日志</h4><p><img src="http://cdn.mjava.top/blog/20191120165302.png" alt="服务端日志"></p>
<h3 id="小结-1"><a href="#小结-1" class="headerlink" title="小结"></a>小结</h3><p><strong>postForObject</strong>和<strong>postForEntity</strong>两个方法和GET请求的用法差不多，只是POST请求比GET请求多了个request请求体。而<strong>postForLocation</strong>方法一般用的比较少,一般只有后端发生301或302等跳转时用来获取跳转后的URL，方法的形参中不用定义返回的数据类型，默认是URI；</p>

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